On-demand services
IRIS Plus 2007-1: Digital Rights Management Systems (DRMs): Recent Developments in Europe
This article provides an overview on recent developments concerning DRMs in Europe, with the aim of bringing some clarity to the relevant legal issues.
IRIS Special 2006 - Audiovisual Media Services without Frontiers - Implementing the Rules
Working from the premise that after a revision of the TVwF Directive the rules of the two leading European instruments on broadcasting will be once more re-aligned, this publication seeks to explore the interplay between the Directive and the Convention. It will focus on monitoring and...
IRIS Plus 2006-1: Search Engines: Seek and Ye Shall Find? The Position of Search Engines in Law
What are search engines really? How, if at all, are they regulated? Why would they come under regulation? How do they compare to other technological means that we use in the process of asking for and receiving information electronically? These are questions tackled by this IRIS plus article,...
IRIS Special 2005: Tomorrow's Delivery of Audiovisual Services - Legal Questions Raised by Digital Broadcasting and Mobile Reception
After taking stock of developments on the television market generally, this IRIS Special begins with a description of how digital terrestrial television has developed and the different services that have become possible as a result of digitalisation. It then goes on to look at those aspects of...
IRIS Special 2003 - Co-Regulation of the Media in Europe
This publication explains co-regulation, offers current examples of its use and discusses possible areas in which it may be applied. It describes the characteristics and legal requirements of co-regulation, as well as the chances and risks associated with it.
IRIS Plus 2002-4: In Search of Lost Rightsholders: Clearing Video-on-Demand Rights for European Audiovisual Works
This article investigates the conflict between copyright protection and new ways of exploiting audiovisual works. The key role that collecting societies might play and the need for corresponding legal provisions are discussed in particular.
IRIS Plus 2002-2: Movies Online: Balancing Copyrights and Fair Use
In 2000, our IRIS Focus featured an article that reported on a first wave of lawsuits related to online offers of audio files (see IRIS 2000-8: 14, "MP3: Fair or Unfair Use?"). This IRIS plus supplements our earlier article by focusing on the new legal questions as well raised as their factual...
IRIS Plus 2001-5: Changing Aspects of Broadcasting: New Territory and New Challenges
This issue of IRIS plus provides another part of the jigsaw on the theme of the convergence of the audiovisual media.
IRIS Plus 2001-4: Media supervision on the threshold of the 21st century - structure and powers of regulatory authorities in the era of convergence
In this edition of IRIS plus, the Observatory addresses current concerns surrounding the adaptation of regulatory mechanisms to the emergence of new media.
IRIS Plus 2001-3: Does the Existing Regulatory Framework for Television Apply to the New Media?
This edition of IRIS Plus focuses, in particular, on an overview of the definition of "broadcasting" and "new media services" provided for in the current European legal framework.